Geospatial Distribution of Physio Chemical Parameter of Ground Water

Abstract

Groundwater is one of the most essential natural resources supporting domestic, agricultural, and industrial activities, and its quality directly determines the sustainability of human life and ecological balance. The assessment of groundwater quality has become increasingly significant due to growing urbanization, industrialization, and over-extraction of water resources, which lead to contamination and deterioration of water quality. This project focuses on the Geospatial Distribution of Physicochemical Parameters of Groundwater, emphasizing thespatial variability and mapping of key parameters such as pH, alkalinity, acidity, chloride, hardness, turbidity, iron, dissolved oxygen, availabe chlorine, colour , odour and taste using advanced Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. By integrating field data with spatial interpolation methods such as Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) or Kriging, the study aims to visualize and analyze the spatial trends of groundwater quality across the study area. The geospatial analysis not only identifies contamination-prone zones but also helps in understanding the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on groundwater chemistry. Furthermore, Water Quality Index (WQI) is employed to classify the suitability of groundwater for drinking and irrigation purposes, providing a clear and comprehensive representation of the water quality status. The f indings of this project will serve as a valuable tool for planners, environmental engineers, and policymakers to implement effective groundwater management and protection strategies. The integration of geospatial technology with hydrochemical analysis ensures a scientific and systematic approach to sustainable groundwater resource assessment and contributes to the long-term goal of environmental preservation and water security.